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Chemistry and the idea of matter was first suggested by John Dalton in 1805 in his 'Atomic Theory' and over the century has been expanded on by many other scientists. Chemistry is the scientific category about substances of matter and their properties, compositions and the different reactions that take place when mixed together. Matter has a defined mass, takes up space and is composed of a mixture of elements. An element contains a group of only one type of atom. To identify elements refer to the periodic table which shows all elements with similar atomic structure and there atomic numbers. Atoms are the smallest parts that matter and elements can be divided into and are commonly known as the 'building blocks' of life.